ABSTRACT
BACKGROUND: Given the high levels of stress in anesthesiologists and also their close working liaison with surgeons, it may be worthwhile to compare the personality profiles of these two groups of professionals. AIM: To compare the personality profiles of surgeons and anesthesiologists, using a well-standardized and validated instrument. SETTINGS AND DESIGN: Survey (cross-sectional) on surgeons and anesthesiologists working in several medical institutes in India. MATERIAL & METHODS: The self-report Temperament and Character Inventory, 125-item version (TCI-125) was mailed out to an incidental sample of surgeons and anesthesiologists working in medical institutes in India. Of the 200 questionnaires sent (100 to anesthesiologists and surgeons each), 93 completed responses were returned (46 anesthesiologists, 47 surgeons; return rate 46.5%). STATISTICAL ANALYSIS: Student's unpaired 't' test; P<0.05 was considered statistically significant. RESULTS: The mean scores of anesthesiologists vis-a-vis surgeons on the various temperament dimensions were Novelty seeking: 8.6 vs. 9.2; Harm avoidance: 7.3 vs. 8.1; Reward dependence: 8.1 vs. 8.0; and Persistence: 3.0 vs. 3.1, respectively. Similar scores for the character dimensions were Self-directedness: 16.9 vs. 15.9; Cooperativeness: 17.5 vs. 16.5; and Self-transcendence: 7.0 vs. 6.7, respectively. There was no significant difference between the surgeons and anesthesiologists on any of the temperament and character variables of personality chosen for the study. CONCLUSION: Personality measures did not differ significantly between surgeons and anesthesiologists in this preliminary investigation. If replicated on a larger and more representative sample, the findings have clinical relevance to improve the working relationship between these two groups of closely working professionals.
Subject(s)
Adult , Anesthesiology , Character , Female , General Surgery , Humans , India , Male , Personality Inventory , Reproducibility of Results , Self-Assessment , Self Concept , TemperamentABSTRACT
The effect of pre-operative intake of oral water and ranitidine on gastric fluid volume and pH was studied in 75 children of American Society of Anesthetists (ASA) grade I and grade II undergoing elective surgery. Group I patients fasted from midnight and acted as control. Group II patients received 5 ml/kg plain water orally 3 hours before surgery. Group III children received 5 ml/kg of plain water and 2 mg/kg of ranitidine orally 3 hours before surgery. Mean volume of gastric aspirate was comparable in all 3 groups (p > 0.05). Mean pH was significantly higher in ranitidine treated patients (5.12 +/- 1.73) as compared to non-ranitidine treated patients (2.26 +/- 0.57 and 2.53 +/ 0.79 in group I and group II respectively). Number of patients at risk (pH < or = 2.5 and volume > or = 0.4 ml/kg) was not significantly different in group I and group II. Mean thirst and behaviour scores were significantly higher in fluid treated patients (groups II and III) as compared to control (p < 0.01). To conclude, administration of pre-operative water (5 ml/kg) along with ranitidine (2 mg/kg) favourably modifies gastric fluid volume and pH, improves patient behaviour and minimises the number of patients at risk of aspiration pneumonitis, should the child aspirate.
Subject(s)
Administration, Oral , Body Water/drug effects , Child , Child, Preschool , Fasting , Female , Gastric Acid/metabolism , Histamine H2 Antagonists/administration & dosage , Humans , Male , Preoperative Care/methods , Ranitidine/administration & dosage , Reference Values , Stomach/drug effects , Elective Surgical Procedures , Water/administration & dosageABSTRACT
OBJECTIVE: To determine the effect of sedation using diazepam on hemoglobin oxygen saturation (SpO2) in patients undergoing esophagogastroduodenoscopy (EGD). METHOD: 100 consecutive patients scheduled for EGD were randomly allocated to receive 0.03 mL/Kg of either diazepam (5 mg/mL solution) or normal saline intravenously after topical oropharyngeal anesthesia immediately before the procedure. SpO2 was continuously monitored throughout the procedure by an anesthetist who was unaware of the drug received. RESULTS: Fall in SpO2 exceeding 4% was noted in 78% of patients in the diazepam group and in 38% of patients in the placebo group (p < 0.001). Fall in SpO2 to suboptimal level (89%) was seen in 20% of patients in the diazepam group and in 10% patients in the placebo group (p < 0.001). The duration of suboptimal SpO2 was similar (means +/- SD being 2.47 +/- 0.10 min in diazepam group and 2.86 +/- 0.32 min in placebo group). CONCLUSION: Intravenous diazepam administration before EGD produces a significant fall in SpO2 during the procedure, and so should be avoided; continuous monitoring of SpO2 should be done during EGD.